Welcome to Part 5 of a comprehensive set of practice questions designed to help you prepare for college entrance examinations, such as the University of the Philippines College Admission Test (UPCAT), and the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) with a focus in Biology.
This practice test covers a wide range of topics in Biology, including:
This practice test aims to help you review and consolidate your understanding of these subjects, and ultimately equip you with the knowledge and confidence you need to succeed in your exams.
This practice test covers a wide range of topics in Biology, including:
This practice test aims to help you review and consolidate your understanding of these subjects, and ultimately equip you with the knowledge and confidence you need to succeed in your exams.
I encourage you to take this practice test seriously and to use it as an opportunity to assess your strengths and weaknesses. By identifying your areas of improvement, you can focus your studies on the topics that will help you the most.
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. What is the main function of the mitochondria in a cell?
a. Photosynthesis
b. Energy production
c. Protein synthesis
d. Cell division
2. Why are viruses considered non-living?
a. They can't reproduce on their own
b. They don't have cells
c. They don't have DNA
d. They don't need nutrients
3. In which part of a plant does photosynthesis primarily take place?
a. Roots
b. Stems
c. Leaves
d. Flowers
4. Which of the following is the basic unit of heredity?
a. Chromosome
b. Gene
c. Nucleotide
d. Genome
5. What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?
a. It provides the energy needed for synthesis
b. It carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome
c. It assembles the amino acids into proteins
d. It triggers the initiation of synthesis
6. Why does DNA replication need to occur before cell division?
a. To ensure each new cell gets a full set of chromosomes
b. To enable the cell to grow larger
c. To replace old, damaged DNA
d. To provide energy for cell division
7. What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
a. Mitosis involves one division cycle, while meiosis involves two
b. Mitosis produces haploid cells, while meiosis produces diploid cells
c. Mitosis occurs only in animals, while meiosis occurs only in plants
d. Mitosis results in genetic diversity, while meiosis maintains genetic consistency
8. What is the primary role of the nervous system?
a. Regulating the body's metabolic processes
b. Protecting the body from disease
c. Facilitating communication between different parts of the body
d. Producing and distributing hormones
9. Why does meiosis in human sexual reproduction result in genetic diversity?
a. Because each parent contributes half of the genetic material
b. Because the process of fertilization is random
c. Because of recombination and independent assortment
d. Because the parents' genes interact in new and unpredictable ways
10. What is the function of ribosomes?
a. Protein synthesis
b. DNA replication
c. Gene expression
d. Energy storage
11. What is the function of ribosomes?
a. Protein synthesis
b. DNA replication
c. Gene expression
d. Energy storage
12. Why is DNA replication considered semi-conservative?
a. Because it involves both the replication and transcription of the original DNA strand
b. Because each new DNA molecule contains one original and one new strand
c. Because it only replicates half of the DNA at a time
d. Because it only uses half of the available DNA for replication
13. What is the function of an enzyme in a chemical reaction?
a. It accelerates the reaction
b. It provides energy for the reaction
c it initiailizes the reaction
d. It stops the reaction
14. What is the primary role of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
a. Packaging and distribution of proteins
b. Digestion of cellular waste
c. Photosynthesis
d. Synthesis of ribosomal RNA
15. What is the primary role of RNA in the process of protein synthesis?
a. It assembles the amino acids into proteins
b. It carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome
c. It provides energy for protein synthesis
d. It triggers the initiation of protein synthesis
16. What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
a. They translate the genetic code into proteins
b. They provide energy for protein synthesis
c. They assemble the amino acids into a polypeptide chain
d. They transport the newly synthesized proteins to their destinations
17. What is a genotype?
a. The physical expression of a gene
b. The genetic makeup of an individual
c. The potential characteristics that can be passed to offspring
d. The dominant genes in an individual
18. Why are stem cells important in biology?
a. They can differentiate into various cell types
b. They can carry out photosynthesis
c. They are the building blocks of DNA
d. They can create new organisms by themselves
19. Which of the following is NOT part of the cell theory?
a. All living things are composed of cells
b. The cell is the basic unit of life
c. All cells are identical
d. All cells come from pre-existing cells
20. What is a species?
a. A group of similar organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
b. Any group of living organisms
c. A group of organisms that share the same habitat
d. The most specific taxonomic rank in biology
21. Why is homeostasis important for living organisms?
a. It maintains optimal conditions within the body for cells to function
b. It regulates the organism's interactions with its environment
c. It ensures the organism can reproduce and pass on its genes
d. It facilitates growth and development
22. What is osmosis?
a. The movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
b. The diffusion of gases across a membrane
c. The movement of solute molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
d. The active transport of ions across a membrane
23. What is the main function of the circulatory system?
a. To transport nutrients, gases, and wastes to and from cells
b. To protect the body from disease and infection
c. To regulate body temperature
d. To control body movement
24. Why is ATP important in cells?
a. It stores and releases energy for cellular processes
b. It is the building block of DNA and RNA
c. It forms the cell membrane
d. It catalyzes metabolic reactions
25. What do nerve cells do?
a. They transport oxygen around the body
b. They carry messages around the body
c. They defend the body against infection
d. They digest food in the stomach
26. What is a trophic level in an ecosystem?
a. The physical location of an organism
b. The number of individuals in a population
c. The position an organism occupies in a food chain
d. The diversity of species in an ecosystem
27. Why are decomposers important in ecosystems?
a. They return nutrients to the soil
b. They prevent diseases
c. They control the population of other organisms
d. They produce food through photosynthesis
28. What is the role of DNA in heredity?
a. It determines the traits that an organism will inherit
b. It directly influences the behavior of an organism
c. It encodes the instructions for protein synthesis
d. It acts as a blueprint for the body's development and function
29. Why is it important for cells to divide?
a. To grow and repair tissues
b. To produce energy
c. To create new organisms
d. To carry oxygen around the body
30. What is the function of the chloroplasts in a cell?
a. To carry out photosynthesis
b. To produce energy
c. To protect the cell from damage
d. To control cell division
31. Why is photosynthesis important to life on Earth?
a. It produces oxygen and consumes carbon
dioxide
b. It allows plants to grow and reproduce
c. It generates heat and light
d. It regulates the temperature of the Earth
32. What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
a. It packages and distributes proteins
b. It carries out photosynthesis
c. It breaks down waste materials
d. It produces and processes proteins
33. Why is DNA replication important?
a. It is necessary for growth and repair
b. It provides energy for cellular processes
c. It is the first step in protein synthesis
d. It allows cells to move and change shape
34. What is the function of the cell wall in a plant cell?
a. It controls what enters and leaves the cell
b. It contains the cell's DNA
c. It provides support and protection
d. It carries out photosynthesis
35. Why do cells need to respire?
a. To produce energy
b. To grow and reproduce
c. To remove waste products
d. To move and change shape
36. What is the primary role of the immune system?
a. To transport oxygen around the body
b. To break down food and absorb nutrients
c. To defend the body against disease
d. To control body movement
37. What are the building blocks of proteins?
a. Fatty acids
b. Monosaccharides
c. Amino acids
d. Nucleotides
38. Why is water important to life?
a. It is a universal solvent
b. It is a primary food source
c. It provides a medium for chemical reactions
d. All of the above
39. What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
a. To deliver oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from the blood
b. To protect the body from disease and infection
c. To transport nutrients to cells
d. To remove waste products from the body
40. Why is mitosis important for multicellular organisms?
a. It allows for growth and repair
b. It increases genetic diversity
c. It results in the formation of gametes
d. It enables organisms to move and change shape
41. What is the main function of white blood cells?
a. To carry oxygen to the body's cells
b. To help the blood clot
c. To fight infections
d. To produce hormones that regulate blood pressure
42. What is the function of the cell membrane?
a. To control what enters and leaves the cell
b. To carry out photosynthesis
c. To package and distribute proteins
d. To provide support and protection
43. Why are chromosomes important?
a. They contain the genetic information necessary for cell replication
b. They provide energy for cellular processes
c. They produce proteins that regulate cellular activities
d. They maintain the shape and structure of the cell
44. What is the process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells?
a. Mitosis
b. Meiosis
c. DNA replication
d. Protein synthesis
45. Why is nitrogen important to living organisms?
a. It is a component of DNA, RNA, and proteins
b. It provides energy for cellular processes
c. It is necessary for photosynthesis
d. It maintains the pH of body fluids
46. What is the role of the lysosomes in a cell?
a. To break down waste materials
b. To carry out photosynthesis
c. To produce and process proteins
d. To control what enters and leaves the cell
47. Why are proteins important in the body?
a. They provide structure and support to cells
b. They facilitate chemical reactions
c. They regulate bodily processes
d. All of the above
48. What is the purpose of the reproductive system?
a. To produce offspring
b. To circulate blood throughout the body
c. To defend the body against disease
d. To digest food and absorb nutrients
49. Why do cells undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death)?
a. To prevent the spread of damaged or faulty cells
b. To provide energy for cellular processes
c. To facilitate growth and development
d. To increase genetic diversity
50. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not
b. Prokaryotic cells are multicellular, while eukaryotic cells are unicellular
c. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have them
d. Prokaryotic cells can carry out photosynthesis, while eukaryotic cells cannot
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